The Diagnosis Of Urinary Tract Infections Essay

The Diagnosis Of Urinary Tract Infections - Essay ExampleCurrent references from medical examination and other peer reviewed sources were used to collect information for the discussion and evaluation. A discussion of urine digest procedures, methods and evaluations is included. Examples are given and evidence to support conclusions about the evaluations and reasoning for choices of method are provided. These are provided to attend in making the choice of the best method to diagnose urinary tract infections under some(prenominal) different arenas and sets of circumstances.Urinary Track Infections (UTIs) have been estimated as one of the most common bacteria infections. turn out in neonates, UTI occur to a greater extent frequently in females than in males. It is estimated that 20% of women will suffer a UTI during their lifetime. Furthermore, in both sexes, UTI reportedly accounts for approximately 7 million visits to outpatient clinics, 1milion visits to emergency departments an d 100,000 hospitalisations annually. UTI also account for more than 23% of all hospital acquired infections and is the second most common cause of bacteremia in hospitalised patients (Graham and Galloway, 2001 Wilson and Loretta, 2004). In all ages, the most common cause of infection as been shown to be enteric bacteria, especially Escherichia coli. This beingness is known to multiply and colonise the perineum, and then ascend the urethra to infect the bladder (the most common website of infection), the kidney and adjacent structures (Graham and Galloway, 2001). While some UTIs are symptomatic, i.e. presenting with typical signs and symptoms like dysuria, fever, suprapubic heaviness and pain others are symptomless (Wilson and Loretta, 2004 Manoni et al, 2002). *UTI aew directly related to Escherichia coli (E. coli) , inj many instances. This is because the anus, a constant source of bacteria, is so close to the female urethra. more(prenominal) than 90 percent of cystitis cases ar e caused by Escherichia coli (E. coli) , a species of bacteria commonly found in the rectal area. Urinalysis, ChemStrip (BMC) and Multistix (Bayer) are two types of UTI establishs used in labs. Otheres include UA-1000 and UA-2000 . Another leaven thatr was popular was the Yellow IRIS. The chemical substance commandments of the reagent pads on the strips are1. pH - this test is based on a double up indicator principle that gives abroad range of colors covering the urinary pH range from 5 to 9. colorize range from orange through yellowish and green to blue.2. Protein - This test is based on the protein-error-of-indicatorsprinciple. At a constant buffered pH, the development of anygreen color is due to the presence of protein. Colors range fromyellow for Negative through yellow-green and green to greenbluefor Positive reactions.3. Glucose - This test is based on a double sequential enzymereaction. The reaction utilizes the enzyme glucose oxidase tocatalyze the formation of gluconi c acid and hydrogen peroxidefrom the oxidation of glucose. In turn, a second enzyme,peroxidase, catalyzes the reaction of hydrogen peroxide with apotassium iodide chromogen to oxidize the chromogen to colorsranging from green to brown.4. Ketone - This test is based on the development of colors rangingfrom buff-pink, for a negative reading, to purple when acetoaceticacid reacts with nitroprusside.5. Bilirubin - This test is